When reading a passage, readers may pause at a particular word or return to reread it. Studies using eye-tracking, which record eye movements during reading, have suggested that word length, frequency, and predictability from context are the three primary factors influencing word processing during English reading. While these factors are known to affect non-native English readers as well, it has remained unclear which is the most decisive.
Identifying factors affecting word processing during second-language English reading at different stages
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